国家食品药品监督管理局


国家食品药品监督管理局关于印发药品电子监管工作指导意见的通知

国食药监办[2012]283号


各省、自治区、直辖市食品药品监督管理局（药品监督管理局）：

　　为进一步规范药品电子监管工作，提高工作效能，确保完成《国家药品安全“十二五”规划》确定的“推进国家药品电子监管系统建设，完善覆盖全品种、全过程、可追溯的药品电子监管体系”的工作目标，国家局依据药品电子监管工作的相关规定，在《药品电子监管技术指导意见》基础上，组织制定了《药品电子监管工作指导意见》，现予印发。请结合实际，督促指导辖区内各级药品监管部门、药品生产企业、经营企业做好药品电子监管相关工作。


　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　国家食品药品监督管理局
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2012年9月20日








药品电子监管工作指导意见

一、药品监督管理部门
（一）建立和完善组织机构
1.组织机构。各级药品监督管理部门应加强药品电子监管工作组织机构建设，明确药品电子监管工作分管领导、指定牵头部门、明确各部门在药品电子监管工作中的分工、指定专人具体负责本辖区药品电子监管各项工作。
2.工作职责。
（1）各级药品监督管理部门应将中国药品电子监管网（以下简称电子监管网）作为药品电子监管的工作平台，对药品的流向进行追溯和监管，并组织相应的培训和开展必要的指导工作。
（2）国家局负责电子监管网药品品种信息的维护与更新，检查督促省级药品监督管理部门（以下简称省局）对辖区内电子监管网的日常监督管理和预警信息处理工作，并对重大预警事件提出处理指导意见。
（3）省局负责辖区内药品生产、经营企业基础信息的维护与更新，检查督促下级药品监督管理部门对辖区内预警信息的处理，发生重大预警事件时书面报告国家局。对药品生产、经营企业未按照相关规范和流程使用电子监管网报送相关信息，造成相关业务数据异常的，省局应责令企业整改，必要时进行现场检查，督促整改。
（二）加强日常监督管理（具体操作规范见附件1）
3.入网管理。省局负责辖区内各级药品监督管理部门和辖区内企业与进口药品代理机构的入网审核工作。
4.基础信息维护。在相关资料齐备的情况下，限期完成以下信息审核和维护工作：
（1）药品信息维护。国家局负责电子监管网的药品注册信息和进口药品代理机构备案信息维护。维护工作在三个工作日内完成。
（2）企业入网审核。省局负责审核辖区内入网企业的合法性和信息准确性，审核工作在三个工作日内完成。
（3）企业变更名称审核。省局负责审核辖区内入网企业变更名称的合法性，审核工作在三个工作日内完成。
（4）企业证书信息维护。省局负责及时在电子监管网维护辖区内企业的药品生产许可证、药品经营许可证以及《药品生产质量管理规范》（GMP）和《药品经营质量管理规范》（GSP）认证信息，维护工作在三个工作日内完成。
（5）特殊包装赋码审批。对于药品最小包装体积过于狭小或属于异型瓶等特殊情况，无法在药品最小包装上加印（贴）统一标识药品电子监管码的品种，可在最小包装的上一级包装上加印（贴）统一标识的药品电子监管码。具体品种由药品生产企业向企业所在地的省局提出申请，由省局负责严格审查，有效杜绝有条件在最小包装赋码但申请中包装或大包装作为最小包装进行赋码的情况出现，审批工作须在五个工作日内完成。
5.生产环节监管。各级药品监督管理部门应加强辖区内生产企业和代理机构所代理境外制药厂商药品电子监管实施工作，检查督促生产企业和境外制药厂商按照国家局的统一部署加入电子监管网，做好药品电子监管码赋码、核注核销工作。
6.经营环节监管。各级药品监督管理部门应加强辖区内经营企业药品电子监管实施工作，督促企业按照国家局的统一部署加入电子监管网，做好药品电子监管核注核销工作。
7.特殊药品监管。国家局维护麻醉药品、第一类精神药品生产和收购计划信息。各级药品监督管理部门加强药品电子监管与特殊药品日常监管的结合，提出特殊药品电子监管的功能需求。
8.预警管理。各级药品监督管理部门应当及时处理电子监管网产生的预警，高风险预警（药品已过有效期、批准文号已过有效期、企业证书已过有效期、特药相关预警）必须在一个工作日内完成处理工作。
9.监管应用。结合本地信息化建设工作，加强药品电子监管与日常监管的融合，积极提出数据共享、资源利用、业务深化等功能需求，提高日常监管效能。
（三）信息安全管理
10.数据共享。为方便国家局和各省局日常监管工作的开展，电子监管网将与各省级药品监管系统进行数据共享（数据共享方案另行制定）。逐步实现国家药品电子监管系统与有关部门以及企业信息化系统对接。
11.数字证书权限。各级药品监督管理部门应加强数字证书管理，明确数字证书的权限。
12.数据安全。各级药品监督管理部门对药品电子监管工作的相关信息负有保密责任，应当加强数据安全保障措施，确保药品电子监管信息安全。
（四）培训与技术服务
13.培训。各级药品监督管理部门会同电子监管网本地技术服务部门，加强培训、业务咨询、技术咨询等服务，提高监管部门、药品企业和进口药品代理机构相关人员工作水平。
14.信息化技术服务。各级药品监督管理部门加强信息化建设，提高药品电子监管工作水平，促进辖区内药品电子监管工作顺利开展。
15.药品电子监管工作评价。国家局根据药品电子监管的整体工作要求、实施目标，制定药品电子监管工作评价指标，按年度以省为单位进行考评，并在国家局专网公布（工作评价指标另行制定）。鼓励各级药品监督管理部门积累、总结、分享药品电子监管工作经验。
二、 药品生产企业（含进口药品制药厂商）
（一）建立和完善组织机构
16.组织机构。药品生产企业应建立与药品电子监管相适应的组织机构，建立管理制度，配备相应管理和操作人员，药品电子监管相关人员应当明确并理解自己的职责，熟悉与其职责相关的要求，并接受必要的培训。
17.工作职责。
（1）药品生产企业应当按照国家局有关规定，对纳入电子监管的药品进行入网登记。
（2）药品生产企业应当根据生产的药品品种、规格和生产需求申请药品电子监管码。进口药品制药厂商也可委托其境内代理机构申请药品电子监管码。
（3）药品生产企业对药品电子监管码的印刷、加贴等应当执行《药品电子监管码编码与应用标准》（附件2）的相关技术要求。
（4）药品生产企业应当指定专人负责本企业生产药品的电子监管信息维护与更新，核注核销，并确保上报信息及时、完整、准确。
（5）药品生产企业不得伪造、冒用或重复使用药品电子监管码，药品电子监管码如有剩余应做到安全保存；如有和印刷包装材料一起丢失或者泄漏，应当及时以书面形式上报当地药品监督管理部门，同时抄报国家局。
（二）日常操作管理（具体操作规范见附件1）
18.入网管理。凡生产列入电子监管药品品种的药品生产企业，应当按照有关规定办理电子监管网入网手续。进口药品制药厂商也可委托其境内代理机构办理。
19.信息管理。在保障企业信息、药品信息、往来单位信息的完整性、准确性和唯一性的基础上,药品生产企业的企业信息、药品信息、往来单位信息和进口药品相关信息等发生变化时，必须及时在电子监管网进行修改。需药品监督管理部门审核的信息应提供相应齐备资料。
20.预警管理。药品生产企业应当及时处理电子监管网产生的预警。进口药品制药厂商也可委托其境内代理机构处理。
（三）设备与设施要求
21.企业设施。药品生产企业应当具有药品电子监管实施的场所和硬（软）件设备。
（1）建立能够满足核注核销全过程要求的计算机系统，计算机系统配置应符合药品电子监管技术要求；
（2）有稳定、安全的网络环境，有固定接入互联网的方式；
（3）数据采集设备的选择和使用应符合药品电子监管技术要求；
（4）计算机系统内须安装电子监管网企业客户端软件；
（5）进口药品应在《进口药品注册证》载明的生产厂或包装厂设置上述设施，不得在其他地点进行打开大包装的赋码操作。
（四）赋码要求
22.药品赋码总体要求。根据国家局文件要求，纳入电子监管的药品应按照《药品电子监管码编码与应用标准》（附件2）在各级销售包装上加印（贴）统一标识的药品电子监管码。
23.特殊包装药品赋码要求。对于产品最小销售包装体积过于狭小或属于异型瓶等特殊情况，无法在产品最小包装上加印（贴）统一标识药品电子监管码的品种，可在最小包装的上一级包装上加印（贴）统一标识的药品电子监管码。具体品种由药品生产企业向企业所在地的省局提出申请，由省局负责审查，并在电子监管网中确认。
24. 药品电子监管码标识安全管理要求。药品生产企业可以委托包材供应商直接将药品电子监管码标识制作在包材上，可以将企业下载并解密后的药品电子监管码数据提供给包材供应商委托印刷。在制作药品电子监管码标识时，企业应遵循：
（1）药品生产企业应对承接其药品电子监管码标识制作的包材供应商进行技术及管理能力考查，对达到药品电子监管码标识制作技术及管理要求的，方可与其签订药品电子监管码标识委托制作协议，协议须对药品电子监管码标识的印刷质量作出明确说明。包材供应商应当保证所印制的药品电子监管码标识达到《药品电子监管码编码与应用标准》（附件2）中所规定的要求。
（2）承制药品电子监管码标识的包材供应商应具备相关业务资质，具备健全的验证、登记、管理、交付、残次品销毁等管理制度。包材供应商应保证入网药品企业的药品电子监管码数据在印制环节中的数据安全，保证数据不外流。
（3）药品生产企业应建立相应的印刷品、药品电子监管码管理制度，制定药品电子监管码标识印刷品的出入库数量登记及处理管理规定。
25. 药品电子监管码标识质量管理要求。药品生产企业的药品电子监管码标识必须满足《药品电子监管码编码与应用标准》（附件2），企业应将其印制质量纳入药品包材和成品检验管理工作中，保证药品包材上的药品电子监管码标识须在生产和流通的各个环节正常使用。
（五）生产线赋码关联要求
26.技术要求。生产线赋码关联系统必须能够准确建立各级包装上药品电子监管码的关联关系。根据《中国药品电子监管网接口标准》生成关联关系文件，在销售出库前上传关联关系文件，激活药品电子监管码。
27.实施要求。药品生产企业应依据《中国药品电子监管网接口标准》，根据企业自身的实际情况，完成企业生产线赋码关联系统的改造。
（六）药品核注核销要求
28. 药品电子监管码采集要求。药品生产企业应依据《中国药品电子监管网接口标准》采集赋码药品外包装上的药品电子监管码。
29.核注与核销要求。药品生产企业必须按照规定开展核注核销工作。
（1）企业生产的药品入出库必须扫描包装上的药品电子监管码，并上传药品电子监管码流向数据，在发生境外网络问题情况下，进口药品生产厂商可委托境内代理机构上传；
（2）核注核销工作应在药品入出库的当日或次日完成。
30.库存管理。药品生产企业应保证在线库存与实际库存一致。
三、药品经营企业
（一）建立和完善组织机构
31.组织机构。药品经营企业应建立与药品电子监管相适应的组织机构，建立管理制度，配备相应管理和操作人员，药品电子监管相关人员应当明确并理解自己的职责，熟悉与其职责相关的要求，并接受必要的培训。
32.工作职责。药品经营企业应当指定专人负责本企业电子监管信息的维护与更新，核注核销，并确保上报信息及时、完整、准确。
（二）日常操作管理（具体操作规范见附件1）
33.入网管理。凡纳入药品电子监管的经营企业，应按照有关规定办理电子监管网入网手续。
34.信息管理。在保障企业信息、药品信息、往来单位信息的完整性、准确性和唯一性的基础上,药品经营企业的企业信息、药品信息、往来单位信息等发生变化时，必须及时在电子监管网进行修改。需药品监督管理部门审核的信息应提供相应齐备资料。
35.预警管理。药品经营企业应当及时处理电子监管网产生的预警。
（三）设备与设施要求
36.企业设施。药品经营企业应具备药品电子监管码采集及核注核销的硬（软）件设备。
（1）建立能够满足核注核销全过程要求的计算机系统，计算机系统配置符合药品电子监管技术要求；
（2）有稳定、安全的网络环境，有固定接入互联网的方式；
（3）数据采集设备的选择和使用应符合药品电子监管技术要求；
（4）计算机系统内须安装电子监管网企业客户端软件。
（四）药品核注核销要求
37. 药品电子监管码采集要求。药品经营企业应依据《中国药品电子监管网接口标准》采集赋码药品外包装上的药品电子监管码。
38.核注与核销要求。药品经营企业必须按照规定开展核注核销工作。
（1）企业经营药品入出库（包括：采购、销售、退货、抽检、销毁等）时，必须遵守“见码就扫”的原则，扫描包装上的药品电子监管码，并上传药品电子监管码流向数据；
（2）核注核销工作应在药品入出库的当日或次日完成。
39.库存管理。药品经营企业应保证在线库存与实际库存一致。
四、电子监管网升级与服务
40.电子监管网升级。电子监管网应根据实际运行情况，不断升级完善，做好后续的相关服务支持，包括在线培训视频、常见问题解答、资料下载等的更新。
41.电子监管网服务。为了给用户提供更好的服务，电子监管网除设立7×24小时的话务服务、企业QQ在线服务、网站在线服务系统外，还设有地方服务机构，全国共分为7个大区就近支持31个省份药品监督管理部门和企业的本地服务。地方服务机构及客户服务中心的联系方式可登录电子监管网进行查询。

附件：1.药品电子监管工作操作规范
2.药品电子监管码编码与应用标准

http://www.sda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0844/75255.html
税务总局


增值税专用发票使用规定(试行)(附英文)

1993年12月30日，税务总局

第一条 增值税专用发票(以下简称专用发票)只限于增值税的一般纳税人领购使用, 增值税的小规模纳税人和非增值税纳税人不得领购使用。
第二条 一般纳税人有下列情形之一者, 不得领购使用专用发票:
(一)会计核算不健全, 即不能按会计制度和税务机关的要求准确核算增值税的销项税额、进项税额和应纳税额者。
(二) 不能向税务机关准确提供增值税销项税额、进项税额、应纳税额数据及其他有关增值税税务资料者。
上述其他有关增值税税务资料的内容, 由国家税务总局直属分局确定。
(三) 有以下行为, 经税务机关责令限期改正而仍未改正者:
1.私自印制专用发票;
2.向个人或税务机关以外的单位买取专用发票;
3.借用他人专用发票;
4.向他人提供专用发票;
5.未按本规定第五条的要求开具专用发票;
6.未按规定保管专用发票;
7.未按本规定第十六条的规定申报专用发票的购、用、存情况;
8.未按规定接受税务机关检查。
(四) 销售的货物全部属于免税项目者。
有上列情形的一般纳税人如已领购使用专用发票, 税务机关应收缴其结存的专用发票。
第三条 除本规定第四条所列情形外, 一般纳税人销售货物 (包括视同销售货物在内) 、应税劳务, 根据增值税细则规定应当征收增值税的非应税劳务 (以下简称销售应税项目) , 必须向购买方开具专用发票。
第四条 下列情形不得开具专用发票:
(一) 向消费者销售应税项目。
(二) 销售免税项目。
(三) 销售报关出口的货物、在境外销售应税劳务。
(四) 将货物用于非应税项目。
(五) 将货物用于集体福利或个人消费。
(六) 将货物无偿赠送他人。
(七) 提供非应税劳务(应当征收增值税的除外)、转让无形资产或销售不动产。
向小规模纳税人销售应税项目, 可以不开具专用发票。
第五条 专用发票必须按下列要求开具:
(一) 字迹清楚。
(二) 不得涂改。
如填写有误, 应另行开具专用发票, 并在误填的专用发票上注明“误填作废”四字。如专用发票开具后因购货方不索取而成为废票的, 也应按填写有误办理。
(三) 项目填写齐全。
(四) 票、物相符, 票面金额与实际收取的金额相符。
(五) 各项目内容正确无误。
(六) 全部联次一次填开, 上、下联的内容和金额一致。
(七) 发票联和抵扣联加盖财务专用章或发票专用章。
(八) 按照本规定第六条所规定的时限开具专用发票。
(九) 不得开具伪造的专用发票。
(十) 不得拆本使用专用发票。
(十一) 不得开具票样与国家税务总局统一制定的票样不相符合的专用发票。
开具的专用发票有不符合上列要求者, 不得作为扣税凭证, 购买方有权拒收。
第六条 专用发票开具时限规定如下:
(一) 采用预收货款、托收承付、委托银行收款结算方式的, 为货物发出的当天。
(二) 采用交款提货结算方式的, 为收到货款的当天。
(三) 采用赊销、 分期付款结算方式的, 为合同约定的收款日期的当天。
(四) 将货物交付他人代销, 为收到受托人送交的代销清单的当天。
(五) 设有两个以上机构并实行统一核算的纳税人, 将货物从一个机构移送其他机构用于销售, 按规定应当征收增值税的, 为货物移送的当天。
(六) 将货物作为投资提供给其他单位或个体经营者, 为货物移送的当天。
(七) 将货物分配给股东, 为货物移送的当天。
一般纳税人必须按规定时限开具专用发票, 不得提前或滞后。
第七条 专用发票的基本联次统一规定为四联, 各联次必须按以下规定用途使用:
(一) 第一联为存根联, 由销货方留存备查。
(二) 第二联为发票联, 购货方作付款的记帐凭证。
(三) 第三联为税款抵扣联, 购货方作扣税凭证。
(四) 第四联为记帐联, 销货方作销售的记帐凭证。
第八条 除购进免税农业产品和自营进口货物外, 购进应税项目有下列情况之一者, 不得抵扣进项税额:
(一) 未按规定取得专用发票。
(二) 未按规定保管专用发票。
(三) 销售方开具的专用发票不符合本规定第五条第(一)至(九)项和第(十一)项的要求。
第九条 有下列情形之一者, 为本规定第八条所称未按规定取得专用发票:
(一) 未从销售方取得专用发票。
(二) 只取得记帐联或只取得抵扣联。
第十条 有下列情形之一者, 为本规定第二条、第八条所称未按规定保管专用发票:
(一) 未按照税务机关的要求建立专用发票管理制度。
(二) 未按照税务机关的要求设专人保管专用发票。
(三) 未按照税务机关的要求设置专门存放专用发票的场所。
(四) 税款抵扣联未按税务机关的要求装订成册。
(五) 未经税务机关查验擅自销毁专用发票的基本联次。
(六) 丢失专用发票。
(七) 损(撕)毁专用发票。
(八) 未执行国家税务总局或其直属分局提出的其他有关保管专用发票的要求。
第十一条 有本规定第八条所列情形者, 如其购进应税项目的进项税额已经抵扣, 应从税务机关发现其有上述情形的当期的进项税额中扣减。
第十二条 销售货物并向购买方开具专用发票后, 如发生退货或销售折让,应视不同情况分别按以下规定办理:
购买方在未付货款并且未作帐务处理的情况下, 须将原发票联和税款抵扣联主动退还销售方。销售方收到后, 应在该发票联和税款抵扣联及有关的存根联、记帐联上注明“作废”字样, 作为扣减当期销项税额的凭证。未收到购买方退还的专用发票前, 销售方不得扣减当期销项税额。属于销售折让的, 销售方应按折让后的货款重开专用发票。
在购买方已付货款, 或者货款未付但已作帐务处理, 发票联及抵扣联无法退还的情况下, 购买方必须取得当地主管税务机关开具的进货退出或索取折让证明单(以下简称证明单)送交销售方, 作为销售方开具红字专用发票的合法依据。销售方在未收到证明单以前, 不得开具红字专用发票; 收到证明单后, 根据退回货物的数量、价款或折让金额向购买方开具红字专用发票。红字专用发票的存根联、记帐联作为销售方扣减当期销项税额的凭证, 其发票联、税款抵扣联作为购买方扣减进项税额的凭证。
购买方收到红字专用发票后, 应将红字专用发票所注明的增值税额从当期进项税额中扣减。如不扣减, 造成不纳税或少纳税的, 属于偷税行为。
第十三条 使用电子计算机开具专用发票必须报经主管税务机关批准并使用由税务机关监制的机外发票。
第十四条 符合下列条件的一般纳税人, 可以向主管税务机关申请使用电子计算机开具专用发票:
(一) 有专业电子计算机技术人员、操作人员。
(二) 具备通过电子计算机开具专用发票和按月列印进货、销货及库存清单的能力。
(三) 国家税务总局直属分局规定的其他条件。
第十五条 申请使用电子计算机, 必须向主管税务机关提供申请报告及以下资料:
(一) 按照专用发票(机外发票)格式用电子计算机制作的模拟样张。
(二) 根据会计操作程序用电子计算机制作的最近月份的进货、销货及库存清单。
(三) 电子计算机设备的配置情况。
(四) 有关专用电子计算机技术人员、操作人员的情况。
(五) 国家税务总局直属分局要求提供的其他资料。
第十六条 使用专用发票必须按月在《增值税纳税申报表》附列资料栏目中如实填列购、用(包括作废)、存情况。
第十七条 进货退出或索取折让证明单的基本联次为三联: 第一联为存根联, 由税务机关留存备查; 第二联为证明联, 交由购买方送销售方为开具红字专用发票的合法依据; 第三联由购货单位留存。
证明单必须由税务机关开具, 并加盖主管税务机关印章, 不得将证明单交由纳税人自行开具。
证明单的印制, 按照《中华人民共和国发票管理办法》及其细则有关发票印制的规定办理。
一般纳税人取得的证明单应按照税务机关的要求装订成册, 并按照有关发票保管的规定进行保管。
第十八条 专用发票的票样与进货退出或索取折让证明单的样式, 由国家税务总局统一制定, 其他单位和纳税人不得擅自改变。
第十九条 本规定所称税务机关、主管税务机关、均指国家税务总局及其所属支局以上征收机关。
第二十条 本规定自1994年1月1日起执行。

PROVISIONS FOR THE USE OF SPECIAL INVOICES OF VALUE-ADDED TAX

(State Administration of Taxation: 27 December 1993)

Whole Doc.
The
(hereinafter referred to as "the Provisions") are formulated by the State
Administration of Taxation to tighten control over the use of special
invoices of Value-Added Tax (hereinafter referred to as "special
invoices") and to ensure the successful implementation of the Value-Added
Tax crediting system based on the amount of tax specified on invoices.
Copies of the Provisions are hereby sent to you with the following notice
on the pertinent questions:
1. Special invoices are not only important commercial papers in
taxpayers' business activities, but also legal certificates on which both
the seller's tax obligation and the amount of imput tax for purchasers are
recorded, with a decisive role in the computation and administration of
Value-Added Tax. Leading comrades of the State Council have given
instructions that the way to administer special invoices should be the
same as for bank notes. As such, tax authorities at all levels in various
places must pay great attention to the use and administration of special
invoices, endeavor to gain the support of government leaders at various
levels and assistance from the financial, banking, auditing,
administration for industry and commerce, public security, public
prosecution and other departments concerned and to make earnest efforts to
strengthen on work guidance and administer strictly in accordance with the
provisions for the use of special invoices.
2. Starting from January 1, 1994, general taxpayers selling goods or
taxable services must issue special invoices in accordance with the
Provisions. In case where special invoices are needed but not issued and
ordinary invoices are still used, purchasers would not be allowed to claim
any credit on input tax.
Ordinary invoices issued in the previous year received by general
taxpayers can be used as tax-crediting certificates only before January
31. For those that cannot be used as certificates for crediting the input
tax of the current period, the input tax which are separated from
start-of-period inventory, may be readjusted upward in accordance with
provisions of the pertinent policy.
3. Those which violate the Provisions for the Use of Special Invoices
shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions for relevant
penalties prescribed in the for the Control of Invoices> and the China for Tax Collection and Administration>.
4. If any problems are found in the implementation of the for the Use of special Invoices of Value-Added Tax>, please report them to
the State Administration of Taxation promptly. Local governments or
departments should not alter these Provisions at will in the course of
their implementation and shall abide to implement accordingly.
Article 1
Special invoices of Value-Added Tax (hereinafter referred to as
"special invoices") shall be obtained, bought and used only by general
taxpayers that pay Value-Added Tax, and not by small-scale taxpayers or
non-Value-Added-Tax taxpayers.
Article 2
General taxpayers shall not obtain, buy or use special invoices in
any one of the following cases:
(1) The accounting system is unsound, i. e., it cannot accurately
compute the output tax, input tax and the amount of Value-Added Tax
payable as required under the accounting regulations and by tax
authorities;
(2) Accurate information for the output tax, input tax, the amount of
Value-Added Tax payable and other information relating to Value-Added Tax
cannot be provided to tax authorities.
The content of "other information relating to Value-Added Tax"
mentioned above shall be defined by the taxation bureaux which are
directly under the State Administration of Taxation;
(3) Engagement in the following activities and failure to correct
itself within the time limit prescribed by tax authorities:
a. Printing special invoices without authorization;
b. Buying special invoices from individual persons or units other
than tax authorities;
c. Using special invoices borrowed from other;
d. Providing special invoices for use by other;
e. Failing to issue special invoices in accordance with the
requirements as prescribed in Article 5 of the Provisions;
f. Failing to preserve special invoices in accordance with the
requirements under the Provisions;
g. Failing to file the information on the status of the purchase, use
and inventory of special invoices as prescribed in Article 16 of the
Provisions;
h. Failing to accept inspection by tax authorities according to the
requirements under the Provisions.
(4) Sale of goods which fall within the tax exempt items.
If any of the aforesaid cases occur with a general taxpayer that has
obtained, bought and used special invoices, the tax authorities shall take
away the special invoices retained by that taxpayers.
Article 3
Except for the circumstances specified in Article 4 of these
Provisions, general taxpayer selling goods (including those regarded as
selling goods), taxable services, or non-taxable services on which
Value-Added Tax shall be levied as prescribed in the Detailed Rules for
the Implementation of Value-Added Tax (hereinafter referred to as "selling
taxable items") must issue special invoices to purchasers.
Article 4
Special invoices cannot be issued in the following circumstances:
(1) Selling taxable items to consumers;
(2) Selling tax exempt items;
(3) Selling goods that have been declared export at the customs
office or selling taxable services abroad;
(4) Using goods on items not subject to Value-Added Tax;
(5) Using goods on group welfare or for personal consumption;
(6) Presenting goods as gifts to others without a consideration; or
(7) Providing non-taxable services (except services on which
Value-Added Tax shall be levied), transferring intangible assets, or
selling immovable property.
Taxable items can be sold to small-scale taxpayers without issuing
special invoices.
Article 5
Special invoices must be issued in accordance with the following
requirements:
(1) The writing must be legible;
(2) There shall be no alteration;
If a special invoice is filled out incorrectly, it should be affixed
with the words "canceled for mistakes" and a new special invoice would be
issued. If a special invoice that has been issued and becomes invalid as a
result of not being claimed by the purchasers, it shall also be handled as
if the invoice is filled out incorrectly.
(3) All the items should be filled in;
(4) The special invoice and the goods must tally with each other, the
amount specified on the special invoice and the amount of money collected
must tally with each other;
(5) The content of all items are correct;
(6) All copies of the invoice shall be filled out at one time and the
content and amount on all copies shall be consistent;
(7) The "invoice copy" and the "credit copy" shall be affixed with
the special stamp for use by the financial department or for use in
invoices;
(8) Special invoices must be issued at the time prescribed in Article
6 of the Provisions;
(9) Counterfeit special invoices shall not be issued;
(10) Special invoices detached from invoice books shall not be used;
and
(11) Special invoices that do not conform with the forms produced on
an unified basis by the State Administration of Taxation shall not be
used.
Any special invoices that do not conform with the aforesaid
requirements will not be used as taxcrediting certificates and purchasers
shall have the right not to accept them.
Article 6
The time limit for issuance of special invoices is prescribed as
follows:
(1) If accounts are settled by the methods of advance payment, bills
of collection and acceptance, or by authorizing banks to collect payments,
it is the day when the goods are despatched;
(2) If accounts are settled by the method of payment on delivery, it
shall be the day when the payment is received;
(3) If the accounts are settled by the methods of credit sales or
hire purchase, it is the day of collection prescribed in contracts;
(4) If goods are sold through consignment agents, it is the day when
the bills of consignment sales are received from consignee;
(5) For the transfer of goods from one establishment to another for
sale by a taxpayer who maintains two or more establishments and keeps
their accounts on a consolidated basis, if Value-Added Tax shall be levied
on such goods according to the provisions, it is the day when the goods
are transferred;
(6) For goods provided to other units or individual business
operators in the from of investment, it is the day when the goods are
transferred; or
(7) For goods distributed to shareholders, it is the day when the
goods are transferred.
General taxpayers must issue special invoices at the prescribed time,
neither earlier nor later.
Article 7
Special invoices are basically in quadruplicate, as stipulated on a
unified basis, and each copy shall be used in accordance with the
following provisions:
(1) The first copy is the "stub copy," which is kept by the seller
for reference;
(2) The second copy is the "invoice copy," which is used by the
purchaser as payment record for bookkeeping;
(3) The third copy is the "credit copy," which is used by the
purchaser as a certificate for claiming input tax credit; and
(4) The fourth copy is the "bookkeeping copy," which is used by the
seller as sales record for bookkeeping.
Article 8
Except for the purchase of tax-exempt agricultural products and
import of goods, the input tax on purchasing of taxable items shall not be
credited against the output tax in any one of the following circumstances:
(1) Failing to obtain special invoices as stipulated;
(2) Failing to preserve special invoices as stipulated; or
(3) The special invoices issued by sellers do not conform with the
requirements prescribed in Paragraphs (1) to (9) and Paragraph (11) of
Article 5 of the Provisions.
Article 9
"Failing to obtain special invoices as stipulated" mentioned in
Article 8 of the Provisions refers to one of the following circumstances:
(1) Failing to obtain special invoices from sellers; or
(2) Obtaining only the "bookkeeping copy" or obtaining only the
credit copy.
Article 10
"Failing to preserve special invoices as stipulated" mentioned in
Articles 2 and 8 of the Provisions refers to one of the following
circumstances:
(1) Failing to institute a special invoices control system as
required by tax authorities;
(2) Failing to assign a special person to safe-keep special invoices
as required by tax authorities;
(3) Failing to assign a special place for the safe-keeping of special
invoices as required by tax authorities;
(4) Failing to bind "credit copies" into booklets as required by tax
authorities;
(5) Unauthorized destruction of the basic copies of special invoices
that have not been checked or examined by tax authorities;
(6) Loss of the special invoices;
(7) Damaging (or tearing apart) special invoices; or
(8) Failing to meet other requirements for the preservation of
special invoices specified by the State Administration of Taxation or
taxation bureaux which are directly under it.
Article 11
If input tax on the purchase of taxable items has already been
credited with the output tax in any of the cases mentioned in Article 8 of
the Provisions, the credited amount shall be deducted from the input tax
on purchases in the period when the circumstances are discovered by tax
authorities.
Article 12
If, after goods have been sold and special invoices have been issued
to a purchaser, the goods are returned or having a discount allowed, they
shall be dealt with on the merits of each case and in accordance with the
following provisions:
In case when the purchaser has neither paid for the goods nor booked
them in the accounts, he or she should take the initiative to return the
original "invoice copy" and "credit copy" to the seller. After receiving
these copies, the seller should write the word "cancelled" on them and on
the related "stub copy" and "bookkeeping copy," which may be used as
certificates for deducting the output tax of the current period. Before
the seller receives the special invoices returned by a purchaser, he or
she cannot deduct the output tax of the current period. In case of
discount allowed, the seller shall issue special invoices anew on the
basis of the discounted prices.
If a purchaser has paid for the goods or though the goods have not
yet been paid but have been booked in the accounts, the purchaser cannot
return the "invoice copy" and "credit copy", he or she must secure a
"goods returned" or "discount claimed" certificate (hereinafter referred
to as the "certificate") issued by local competent tax authorities and
send it to seller, so that the latter may use it as the legal certificates
for issuing a red- letter special invoice. Before receiving the
certificate, the seller nay not issue any red-letter special invoice
Having received the certificate, the seller shall issue a red-letter
special invoice to the purchaser in accordance with the amount and prices
of goods returned or the amount of money discounted. The "stub copy" and
"bookkeeping copy" of the red-letter special invoice can be used by the
seller as certificates for deducting the output tax on saies of the
current period, while the "invoice copy" and "credit copy" can be used by
the purchaser as certificates for deducting the input tax.
After receiving the red-letter special invoice, the purchaser should
deduct the amount of Value-Added Tax specified on that invoice from the
input tax of the current period. Any default or decrease of tax payment
resulting from failure to make such deduction shall be regarded as tax
evasion.
Article 13
Taxpayers that use electronic computers in issuing special invoices
must apply to the tax authorities for approval and the use of
non-computer-printed invoices produced under the control and supervision
of the tax authorities.
Article 14
Generally taxpayers that meet the following conditions may apply to
the tax authorities for the use of electronic computers in issuing special
invoices:
(1) Have specialized electronic computer technicians and operators;
(2) Have the capacity and capability of issuing special invoices and
printing out monthly reports of purchases, sales and inventories through
electronic computers; and
(3) Can meet other conditions prescribed by taxation bureaux which
are directly under the State Administration of Taxation.
Article 15
Applicants for the use of electronic computers must file their
applications with the tax authorities alongside the following information:
(1) An analog sample produced by electronic computer based on the
form of special invoices (non-computer-printed invoices);
(2) The reports of purchases, sales and inventories of the latest
month, which is in accordance with the accounting operation procedures,
produced by electronic computer.
(3) The configuration of electronic computer equipment;
(4) Information about the specialized electronic computer technicians
and operators; and
(5) Other information requested by the taxation bureaux which are
directly under the State Administration of Taxation.
Article 16
Users of special invoices must truthfully record information on
purchase and use (including cancelled) of invoices and any invoices left
unused in the data columns appended to the every
month.
Article 17
The "goods returned" or "discount claimed" certificate is basically
in triplicate: the first copy is "stub copy", which shall be kept by tax
authorities for records; the second copy is "certificate copy", which the
purchaser should send it to the seller and is to be used as the legal
certificates for issuing red-letter special invoices; the third copy shall
be retained by the purchaser.
Certificates must be issued by tax authorities and affixed with the
stamp of the tax authorities; certificates cannot be given to the
taxpayers for the issuance of the certificates by themselves.
Certificates shall be printed in accordance with the People's Republic of China for the control of Invoices> and the relevant
provisions of the Detailed Rules and Regulations.
General taxpayers shall bind the certificate received into booklets
as required by the tax authorities and keep them in accordance with the
relevant certificate preservation provisions.
Article 18
The forms of special invoices and the format of "goods returned" or
"discount claimed" certificates shall be drawn up by the State
Administration of Taxation on a unified basis. They shall not be altered
by other organizations or taxpayers without authorization.
Article 19
"Tax authorities" and "competent tax authorities" mentioned in the
Provisions refer to the State Administration of Taxation and the
tax-collecting authorities that are one level above of the taxation
bureaux which are directly under the State Administration of Taxation.
Article 20
Provisions shall come into effect on January 1, 1994.